Abstract Background Fungi are an attractive source of nutrients for predators.As part of their defense, some fungi are able to induce the production of anti-predator protein toxins in response to predation.A previous study on the interaction of the model mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea by the fungivorous nematode Aphelenchus avenae on agar plates has … Read More


SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19, continues to threaten global public health.COVID-19 is Racks a multi-organ disease, causing not only respiratory distress, but also extrapulmonary manifestations, including gastrointestinal symptoms with SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding in stool long after respiratory clearance.Despite global vaccination and exis… Read More


In the current study, a novel methylene blue (MB)-based colorimetric method for a quick, inexpensive, and facile approach for the determination of fouling intensity of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane has been reported.This technique is based on the interaction of MB with the organic foulants and shows the corresponding change in the colour intensity … Read More